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严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 1

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Removal of virus aerosols by the combination of filtration and UV-C irradiation

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1627-y

摘要：

● The removal of virus aerosols by filtration and UV-C irradiation was proposed.

关键词： Filtration system     UV-C irradiation     Virus aerosol     Public health     COVID-19    

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Single particle analysis of ambient aerosols in Shanghai during the World Exposition, 2010: two case

Shikang TAO, Xinning WANG, Hong CHEN, Xin YANG, Mei LI, Lei LI, Zhen ZHOU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 391-401 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0355-x

摘要： A TSI Model 3800 aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS) was deployed for single-particle analysis in Shanghai during the World Exposition (EXPO), 2010. Measurements on two extreme cases: polluted day (1st May) and clean day (25th September) were compared to show how meteorological conditions affected the concentration and composition of ambient aerosols. Mass spectra of 90496 and 50407 particles were analyzed respectively during the two sampling periods. The ART-2a neural network algorithm was applied to sort the collected particles. Seven major classes of particles were obtained: dust, sea salt, industrial, biomass burning, organic carbon (OC), elementary carbon (EC), and NH -rich particles. Number concentration of ambient aerosols showed a strong anti-correlation with the boundary layer height variation. The external mixing states of aerosols were quite different during two sampling periods because of different air parcel trajectories. Number fraction of biomass burning particles (43.3%) during polluted episode was much higher than that (21.6%) of clean time. Air parcels from the East China Sea on clean day diluted local pollutant concentration and increased the portion of sea salt particle dramatically (13.3%). The large contribution of biomass burning particles in both cases might be an indication of a constant regional background of biomass burning emission. Mass spectrum analysis showed that chemical compositions and internal mixing states of almost all the particle types were more complicate during polluted episode compared with those observed in clean time. Strong nitrate signals in the mass spectra suggested that most of the particles collected on polluted day had gone through some aging processes before reaching the sampling site.

关键词： ambient aerosol     aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer     Shanghai     world exposition    

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Improving simulations of sulfate aerosols during winter haze over Northern China: the impacts of heterogeneous

Meng Gao,Gregory R. Carmichael,Yuesi Wang,Dongsheng Ji,Zirui Liu,Zifa Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0878-2

摘要： Incorporating the missing heterogeneous oxidation of S(IV) by NO into the WRF-Chem model. Sulfate production is not sensitive to increase in SO emission. The newly added reaction reproduces sulfate concentrations well during winter haze. We implemented the online coupled WRF-Chem model to reproduce the 2013 January haze event in North China, and evaluated simulated meteorological and chemical fields using multiple observations. The comparisons suggest that temperature and relative humidity (RH) were simulated well (mean biases are -0.2K and 2.7%, respectively), but wind speeds were overestimated (mean bias is 0.5 m?s ). At the Beijing station, sulfur dioxide (SO ) concentrations were overpredicted and sulfate concentrations were largely underpredicted, which may result from uncertainties in SO emissions and missing heterogeneous oxidation in current model. We conducted three parallel experiments to examine the impacts of doubling SO emissions and incorporating heterogeneous oxidation of dissolved SO by nitrogen dioxide (NO ) on sulfate formation during winter haze. The results suggest that doubling SO emissions do not significantly affect sulfate concentrations, but adding heterogeneous oxidation of dissolved SO by NO substantially improve simulations of sulfate and other inorganic aerosols. Although the enhanced SO to sulfate conversion in the HetS (heterogeneous oxidation by NO ) case reduces SO concentrations, it is still largely overestimated by the model, indicating the overestimations of SO concentrations in the North China Plain (NCP) are mostly due to errors in SO emission inventory.

关键词： Sulfate aerosols     Winter haze     WRF-Chem     Northern China    

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Characterization of submicron aerosols in the urban outflow of the central Pearl River Delta region of

Zhaoheng GONG, Zijuan LAN, Lian XUE, Liwu ZENG, Lingyan HE, Xiaofeng HUANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第5期   页码 725-733 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0441-8

摘要： Submicron aerosol particles (with aerodynamic diameters less than 1 μm, PM ) were sampled and measured in Heshan, an urban outflow site of Guangzhou megacity in Pearl River Delta in South China, using an Aerodyne High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) in November 2010 during 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games. The mean PM mass concentration measured was 47.9±17.0 μg·m during the campaign, with organic aerosol (OA) and sulfate being the two dominant species, accounting for 36.3% and 20.9% of the total mass, respectively, followed by black carbon (17.1%, measured by an aethalometer), nitrate (12.9%), ammonium (9.6%) and chloride (3.1%). The average size distributions of the species (except black carbon) were dominated by an accumulation mode peaking at ~550 nm. Calculations based on high-resolution organic mass spectrum showed that, C, H, O and N on average contributed 58.1%, 7.3%, 30.7%, and 3.9% to the total organic mass, respectively. The average ratio of organic mass over organic carbon mass (OM/OC) was 1.73±0.08. Four components of OA were identified by the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) analysis, including a hydrocarbon-like (HOA), a biomass burning (BBOA) and two oxygenated (SV-OOA and LV-OOA) organic aerosol components, which on average accounted for 18.0%, 14.3%, 28.8% and 38.9% of the total organic mass, respectively.

关键词： organic aerosol     high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS)     positive matrix factorization    

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Bioaerosol emissions variations in large-scale landfill region and their health risk impacts

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1593-9

摘要：

● The airborne bacteria in landfills were 4–50 times higher than fungi.

关键词： Microbial aerosols     Landfill sites     Health risk assessment     CALPUFF    

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Enrichment and transfer of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) through dust aerosol generation from soil to the air

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1610-7

摘要：

● Compositional patterns of PAHs in dust aerosol vary from soil during dust generation.

关键词： Dust aerosols     Enrichment factors (EFs)     Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)    

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A CFD study of the transport and fate of airborne droplets in a ventilated office: The role of droplet−droplet interactions

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1465-8

摘要：

• Coulomb and Lennard−Jones forces were considered for droplet interactions.

关键词： Droplet interactions     Aerosols     Colloids     CFD     Transport     Fate    

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Effects of two transition metal sulfate salts on secondary organic aerosol formation in toluene/NO

Biwu CHU, Jiming HAO, Junhua LI, Hideto TAKEKAWA, Kun WANG, Jingkun JIANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 1-9 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0476-x

摘要： Aerosol phase reactions play a very important role on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation, and metal-containing aerosols are important components in the atmosphere. In this study, we tested the effects of two transition metal sulfate salts, manganese sulfate (MnSO ) and zinc sulfate (ZnSO ), on the photochemical reactions of a toluene/NO photooxidation system in a 2 m smog chamber. By comparing photochemical reaction products of experiments with and without transition metal sulfate seed aerosols, we evaluated the effects of transition metal sulfate seed aerosols on toluene consumption, NO conversion and the formation of ozone and SOA. MnSO and ZnSO seed aerosols were found to have similar effects on photochemical reactions, both enhance the SOA production, while showing negligible effects on the gas phase compounds. These observations are consistent when varying metal sulfate aerosol concentrations. This is attributed to the catalytic effects of MnSO and ZnSO seed aerosols which may enhance the formation of condensable semivolatile compounds. Their subsequent partitioning into the aerosol phase leads to the observed SOA formation enhancement.

关键词： manganese sulfate     zinc sulfate     seed aerosols     toluene photooxidation     secondary organic aerosol    

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我国一次气溶胶和二次无机气溶胶大气年龄的时空分布特征 Article

Xiaodong Xie, Qi Ying, 张宏亮, 胡建林

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第28卷 第9期   页码 117-129 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.03.013

摘要：

颗粒物的老化时间尺度是确定其对空气质量、人类健康和气候影响的关键参数。本研究使用年龄可分辨的社区多尺度空气质量模型CMAQ对我国一次和二次无机细颗粒物（PM2.5）的年龄分布进行了为期一年的模拟。结果表明，一次PM2.5（PPM）和铵盐主要来源于本地的新鲜排放，我国大部分地区约60%~80%集中在0~24 h年龄档。夏季，大多数地区的平均年龄约为15~25 h，但冬季，我国南部地区和四川盆地（SCB）的平均年龄增加到40~50 h。硫酸盐的大气年龄明显大于PPM，表明区域输送的贡献增加。在大多数地区和季节，大气年龄> 48 h的老化硫酸盐占硫酸盐总质量浓度的30%~50%。冬季SCB地区年龄> 96 h的硫酸盐浓度可达15 µg·m−3。长三角、珠三角和华南地区硫酸盐大气年龄的季节变化较大，冬季的平均年龄最高为60~70 h，夏季最低为40~45 h。夏季硝酸盐的平均年龄为20~30 h，冬季增加至40~50 h。夏季，气态硝酸的占比增加导致总硝酸的沉降速率的增大；同时，更强的大气氧化性加快了氮氧化物向硝酸盐的化学转化速率，从而导致夏季硝酸盐的大气年龄较低。此外，在污染天，大多数城市和季节中老化粒子（> 24 h）对PPM和二次无机气溶胶的贡献明显增加，这表明区域输送在重污染事件中发挥着至关重要的作用。本研究中基于年龄可分辨的CMAQ模型得到的PM2.5年龄信息可以帮助政府部分制定有效的应急排放控制措施，有助于消除重污染天气。

关键词： 大气年龄     PM2.5     CMAQ模型     控制措施    

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中国上海某大型方舱医院新型冠状病毒气溶胶时空分布研究 Article

江佳富, 殷喆, 李靖, 贾雷利, 和儒林, 杨文慧, 杨佶虎, 范航, 张森, 王云飞, 赵增明, 彭浩然, 李利忠, 杨益, 樊士勇, 相蓉, 郭建树, 王金金, 魏娟宁, 周凤玲, 刘丁, 赵平, 崔玉军, 刘运喜, 周冬生, 董罡

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第28卷 第9期   页码 222-233 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.06.006

摘要：

严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）突变频发引起的2019年新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）大流行，已在全球范围内产生严重影响。然而，无论在自然环境还是实验室环境，关于SARS-CoV-2气溶胶传播可能性的详细数据仍然很少。2022年，上海COVID-19疫情期间，国家会展中心经改造迅速建成了一所大型临时方舱医院，本研究在此舱医院开展了针对SARS-CoV-2气溶胶时空分布的研究。采集了COVID-19患者周边和方舱内公共区域不同地点和不同时间间隔的气溶胶样本、对应患者的咽拭子样本、周围物品的物表样本。通过逆转录实时定量PCR反应（RT-qPCR）检测样本的-CoV-2感染情况。若检测阈值（Ct值）小于30，则对样本进行进一步测序。结果发现：污染区的SARS-CoV-2阳性率较高（37.5%，104/277），尤其是在病床周围（41.2%，68/165）和进风口附近（45.2%，14/31）。病床周围、公共场所和排风机进风口的SARS-CoV-2阳性率随时间波动，并与采样位置对应患者的阳性率密切相关。医护人员穿着的个人防护用品物表样本阳性率较高。从60个样本中获取并拼接得到ORF1ab和Spike基因序列，并比较分析为SARS-CoV-2的奥密克戎毒株，并可以分为两支。患者周围环境样本与其对应患者的病毒序列具有高度同源性，且与采样期间上海当地流行的病毒株序列一致，表明方舱医院存在较高的交叉污染可能性。综上，该研究对大型封闭场所中SARS-CoV-2的气溶胶传播的现实情况和以患者为中心梯度递减的污染情况进行了定量描述，从而为将来方舱医院在收治管理SARS-CoV-2等其他呼吸道病毒病患者时，采取针对性的措施，避免院内感染提供了有益的指导。

关键词： 新型冠状病毒肺炎     严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2     气溶胶     方舱医院     中国    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Removal of virus aerosols by the combination of filtration and UV-C irradiation

期刊论文

Single particle analysis of ambient aerosols in Shanghai during the World Exposition, 2010: two case

Shikang TAO, Xinning WANG, Hong CHEN, Xin YANG, Mei LI, Lei LI, Zhen ZHOU

期刊论文

Improving simulations of sulfate aerosols during winter haze over Northern China: the impacts of heterogeneous

Meng Gao,Gregory R. Carmichael,Yuesi Wang,Dongsheng Ji,Zirui Liu,Zifa Wang

期刊论文

Characterization of submicron aerosols in the urban outflow of the central Pearl River Delta region of

Zhaoheng GONG, Zijuan LAN, Lian XUE, Liwu ZENG, Lingyan HE, Xiaofeng HUANG

期刊论文

Bioaerosol emissions variations in large-scale landfill region and their health risk impacts

期刊论文

Enrichment and transfer of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) through dust aerosol generation from soil to the air

期刊论文

A CFD study of the transport and fate of airborne droplets in a ventilated office: The role of droplet−droplet interactions

期刊论文

Effects of two transition metal sulfate salts on secondary organic aerosol formation in toluene/NO

Biwu CHU, Jiming HAO, Junhua LI, Hideto TAKEKAWA, Kun WANG, Jingkun JIANG

期刊论文

我国一次气溶胶和二次无机气溶胶大气年龄的时空分布特征

Xiaodong Xie, Qi Ying, 张宏亮, 胡建林

期刊论文

中国上海某大型方舱医院新型冠状病毒气溶胶时空分布研究

江佳富, 殷喆, 李靖, 贾雷利, 和儒林, 杨文慧, 杨佶虎, 范航, 张森, 王云飞, 赵增明, 彭浩然, 李利忠, 杨益, 樊士勇, 相蓉, 郭建树, 王金金, 魏娟宁, 周凤玲, 刘丁, 赵平, 崔玉军, 刘运喜, 周冬生, 董罡

期刊论文